What Cow Type Is Used for Beef
Over 70 breeds of cattle can be found in the United states today. Nonetheless, merely virtually 12 to xv breeds have a major influence on the cattle industry.
Last week, we reviewed the virtually mutual breeds of dairy cattle. This week we'll look at the most common breeds of beef cattle in the United states, considering the same factors — appearance, hardiness, fertility, history and production uses.
Although a large portion of the beefiness industry relies on crossbreeding to raise the genetics of purebreds, management and consistency in product quality vary. Therefore, we will focus on purebreds.
Angus
Appearance
- Color: Blackness or scarlet.
- Markings: None.
- Size: Medium. Cows weigh around one,200 pounds; bulls weigh over 1,800 pounds.
- Horns: Naturally polled.
Other characteristics
- Region: Nationwide.
- Living conditions: Hardy cattle that can survive harsh winters, during snowfall and storms. Red Angus are said to adapt to warmer climates better than the more dominant Black Angus.
- Calves: Bulls are sought after for convenance and cows calve easily because of their ascendant polled gene. Additionally, Angus calves mature faster than other breeds. Purebred calves are commonly as well small to get to market when they are built-in, then crossbreeding with dairy cattle is common for veal production.
- Health and temperament: Angus cattle are relatively docile and hardy. Even with minimal days on feed they manage to produce Prime and Choice grade meats.
History
The first Angus cattle were brought to the United States in 1873 when George Grant imported them from Scotland to Kansas. Although the cattle were rejected at showtime, their value was eventually realized and i,200 cattle were imported into the Midwest from 1878 to 1883.
Uses
Angus cattle are a staple of the American beef industry. It is the nearly common brood of beef cattle in the U.S., known for superior muscling and marbling qualities. To be labeled "Certified Angus Beef" past USDA Graders, cattle must meet ten criteria:
- Modest or higher marbling
- Medium or fine marbling texture
- "A" maturity
- ten- to sixteen-square-inch ribeye expanse
- Less than 1,050-pound hot carcass weight
- Less than one-inch fat thickness
- Superior muscling
- No hump on the cervix exceeding two inches
- Practically gratuitous of capillary ruptures
- No dark cutting characteristics
NOTE: Red and black varieties are considered carve up breeds in the Usa, but have similar characteristics, which is why they were combined.
Charolais
Advent
- Color: White to creamy white.
- Markings: None.
- Size: Large. Cows weight ane,250 to ii,000 pounds and bulls weigh two,000 to over 2,500 pounds.
- Horns: Naturally horned.
Other characteristics
- Region: Widespread in the U.s.. Introduced to southern states from United mexican states, outset, and later to New England states from Canada.
- Living Conditions: Able to perform well nether a diversity of ecology weather condition.
- Calves: Charolais cattle produce heavy calves. Bulls have developed a reputation for grading up and herd improvement. Cows accept a relatively easy time calving.
- Wellness and temperament: Charolais are rugged, big muscled cattle. They are able to graze aggressively in warm atmospheric condition and withstand common cold conditions. Although they are not the near docile breed, Charolais are gentle natured.
History
In 1934, Charolais cattle were brought to the United States from Mexico. Imports stopped in the mid-1940s due to an outbreak of Hoof and Mouth Disease. The quarantine betwixt the Us, Canada and Mexico lasted until 1965 when Canada opened its doors again. New bloodlines were so introduced to the New England states.
Uses
Charolais cattle are raised for beef. They are known for their superior growth power and heavily muscled loins and haunches. They produce increased carcass weights, ameliorate yield grades and more than marbling.
Gelbvieh
Appearance
- Colour: Red.
- Markings: None.
- Size: Large. On average, cows counterbalance around 1,650 pounds and bulls weigh around 2,200 pounds.
- Horns: Originally horned, only now a majority are polled.
Other characteristics
- Region: Widespread throughout the Us. Ranks 5th in number of animals amid beefiness breed associations in the Usa.
- Living conditions: Able to adapt to many different climate conditions. In addition to the U.South., they have been introduced in Spain, Portugal, Not bad Britain, Canada, Australia, and Southward Africa.
- Calves: The breed has superior fertility, calving ease, mothering ability, and growth rate of the calves.
- Wellness and temperament: Gelbvieh are known for their quiet temperament, quick maturity, longevity, muscling and high rate of grain and feed efficiency.
History
In July of 1971, Gelbvieh were introduced to the United States by Carnation Genetics by importing semen from Frg.
Uses
While the breed was originally selected for meat, milk and work, today, it is used primarily for beef production. Gelbvieh produce high cutout yields. They are known as a lean breed and a source of high quality, tender young beef.
Hereford
Appearance
- Color: Red and white.
- Markings: Hereford cattle are easily recognized by their hides, marked with a white face, crest, dewlap and underline.
- Size: Medium. Cows weight around 1,200 pounds and bulls weigh up to 1,800 pounds.
- Horns: Herefords, typically, accept brusk, which horns, but a polled strain has emerged in North America and the United Kingdom.
Other characteristics
- Region: Worldwide.
- Living atmospheric condition: The hallmark of the breed is its ability to produce a loftier yield of beef from eating native grasses. The hardy brood flourishes in a wide range of climates on almost every continent, today.
- Calves: Herefords are known for their longevity. Many females produce calves beyond the age of 15 years.
- Health and temperament: While Hereford cattle are considered a hardy breed because of their adjustability to various environments and ability to graze hands, they are known for a few health issues. Some common health risks include eye cancer, vaginal prolapse, dwarfism and higher risk for sun damage due to the light pigmentation of their udders.
History
Hereford cattle originally came to the United states of america in 1817, when Henry Clay brought a balderdash and ii females to Kentucky. However, the first breeding herd was established in 1840 by William H. Sotham and Erastus Corning in Albany, New York.
Uses
Herefords were developed to produce a high yield of beefiness, while maximizing efficiency of production. These characteristics accept made Herefords one of the most popular breeds of cattle worldwide with more than 5 million spread beyond over 50 countries.
Limousin
Appearance
- Color: Light wheat to darker gilded red. There are as well black varieties.
- Markings: None.
- Size: Big. Males range in size from ii,200 to 2,500 pounds. Females counterbalance between ane,500 and 1,600 pounds.
- Horns: The Limousine is known for lighter horns, which bend forrad. Notwithstanding, many are dehorned as calves. Additionally, polled varieties have been adult.
Other characteristics
- Region: Widespread throughout the United States, and present in nearly seventy countries worldwide.
- Living weather: Limousins adapt easily to different climates and environments.
- Calves: A major reason Limousins take become popular is because of their ease of calving.
- Health and temperament: One time known for poor temperament, Limousine cattle have improved disposition over the years. They are as well known for existence heavily muscled and lean.
History
The Limousine breed got a tardily start in the United States when compared to others. The first bulls imported permanently into the United States arrived in the autumn of 1971.
Uses
Limousins are selected fortheir higher dressing percentages and yield, high feed conversion efficiency and their ability to produce lean, tender beefiness.
Shorthorn
Appearance
- Colour: Ruby, white, roan.
- Markings: Red and white (at least 30 pct ruby or white and 70 percent the opposite), carmine with white marks (a red body with some white marks on the underline, sides and ane or more than legs or confront), roan (an intermingling of red and white hair over the entire body), also establish in solid reds and whites.
- Size: Medium. Bulls weigh almost 2,200 pounds and cows weigh 1,700 pounds.
- Horns: Yes, simply can also be polled.
Other characteristics
- Region: Found throughout the Us.
- Living conditions: Hardy and adjustable to various environments.
- Calves: Shorthorns are known for increased calving ease and fertility.
- Health and temperament: Shorthorns are known for their longevity, feeding efficiency and durability. They are also known for their docile temperament. Ane major drawback, caused past a recessive gene is tibial hemimelia (Th), which causes severe deformities in newborn calves.
History
Although Shorthorns were introduced in the Us in 1783, they weren't separated into Milking Shorthorn and Beef Shorthorn breeds until the latter half of the 2th century.
Uses
Shorthorns produce loftier-quality beef with practiced marbling.
Simmental
Advent
- Color: Traditionally, red and white. Still, are commonly solid black and red colors in the United states today.
- Markings: Traditionally, a majority red with white markings on their f ace, crest, dewlap, underline, tails and sometimes spotted backs. Presently, solid colored.
- Size: Large. Cows range in size from 1,500 to 2,000 pounds and bulls weight around 2,900 pounds.
- Horns: They can be horned or polled.
Other characteristics
- Region: The American Simmental Association registers about 80,000 cattle annually throughout the United States.
- Living weather condition: Hands adaptable to unlike climates and product structures.
- Calves: Simmentals are known for calving ease and good mothering traits. They accept brusk intervals between calving, high fertility rates and the ability to reproduce long-term.
- Wellness and temperament: Simmentals are heavily muscled, fine-lined, well conformed and docile. They are also known for high fertility, longevity, early maturity, practiced growth rates and efficient feeding. They are too easy to handle and make expert grazers.
History
Simmental semen was introduced to the United States in 1967, followed by the first Simmental bull in 1971.
Uses
Simmentals all over the world produce loftier beef yields. The heavy muscling, length and overall size and weight of the creature are combined to produce loftier-quality carcasses of solid ruddy meat with a minimum of waste fat.
Related Content
- How to determine if cattle are bulls, steers, cows or heifers
- How to place mutual breeds of dairy cattle
Resources
- Oklahoma State University
- American Angus Association
- American International Charolais Association
- American Gelbvieh Association
- American Hereford Association
- North American Limousin Foundation
- American Shorthorn Clan
- American Simmental Association
STAY INFORMED. SIGN Upwardly!
Up-to-appointment agriculture news in your inbox!
Source: https://www.farmanddairy.com/top-stories/how-to-identify-common-breeds-of-beef-cattle/424963.html
0 Response to "What Cow Type Is Used for Beef"
Post a Comment